Complete history of microwave technology (part 2). 1894 to 1897, including discoveries made by Gugliemo Marconi (morse code) and Sir Oliver George (directional radiation).

Other scientists built on Hertz's work. In 1894, Guglielmo Marconi began experiments in Italy sending a signal using Morse code. He formed a company, G.E.C. Marconi, which is still around today. His early experiments proved that it was possible to send waves not just across a room but also across the world.

Although Marconi was awarded the Nobel prize in 1907 for his 'wireless telegraphy', the U.S. Supreme Court revoked Marconi's patents since Croate Nikola Tesla had taken out a patent for radio communications as early as 1897.

By 1894, Sir Oliver George was conducting experiments noting that directional radiation was obtained when he surrounded a spark oscillator with a metal tube.

In 1897, Lord Rayleigh (John William Strutt) proved mathematically that waves could be propagated inside a hollow metal tube. Rayleigh also noted the infinite set of modes of the TE or TM type, which were possible, and the existence of a cut off frequency. Wave-guide was essentially forgotten however, until it was re-discovered


independently in 1936 by George C. Southworth at AT&T (Bell Telephone Labs) and W.L. Barrow at MIT.